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PERIODONTICS

Periodontics is a speciality in dentistry devoted to the health and treatment of the inflammatory diseases that affect the gums, bone and other supporting structures beneath the teeth known as the periodontium. Gum disease is one such condition that can cause serious problems if it progresses to affect the bone that surrounds and supports your teeth.

While genetics, medications and hormonal factors may have an impact, gum disease is usually caused by poor oral hygiene. With that being said, you can also prevent gum disease by practising good oral hygiene. Early treatment is also ideal so be sure to look out for any signs such as bad breath, red, swollen and bleeding gums, mouth sores, receding gum line, pus seeping from the gums and teeth that seem to be loose, as these may be symptoms of gum disease.

Types of gum disease

• Gingivitis
  Gingivitis is a type of gum disease that causes irritation of the gums, causing them to pull away from the teeth. Symptoms of irritation, redness, recession, and bleeding is generally experienced.

• Periodontitis
  Periodontitis results in inflammation in not only the gums but the supporting structures of your teeth, which if left untreated can lead to early tooth loss.

• Aggressive periodontitis
  While aggressive periodontitis is a rather rare form of inflammatory gum disease, it can progress quickly, causing bone loss - specifically on the first molars and incisors, resulting in early tooth loss.

• Chronic periodontitis
  This type of gum disease leads to the gums pulling away from the teeth and the development of gaps in the gums in which bacteria can accumulate, proving difficult to clean at home with regular brushing.

• Necrotising gingivitis
  Necrotising Gingivitis (NG) or necrotising ulcerative gingivitis occurs when these pockets continue to accumulate bacteria and lead to the death of supporting structures beneath the teeth.

Treatment

While proper oral hygiene habits such as brushing your teeth twice a day, flossing and using a mouth rinse daily can help prevent this type of gum disease, once infected a deep cleaning is needed to treat it and prevent progression of gum disease.

Depending on the category of gum disease, treatment may involve non-surgical professional teeth cleaning or a more serious surgical or non-surgical deep cleaning. Root planning is usually done using local anaesthesia to clean the infected root surfaces as well as debride or remove inflamed and infected gum tissue around the tooth. For infections in the pockets of the gums, microbial therapy is used to treat the accumulation of bacteria.

Laser dentistry can be used to effectively treat gum disease by eliminating bacteria in your mouth.

During the procedure, Dr Haripersad will apply the Epic Laser to the affected areas of the gum to combat bacteria, bleeding, redness and pain. Laser treatment will also promote faster healing too.

After treatment, it is vital to maintain proper oral hygiene to prevent re-infection. In cases where one or more teeth were lost, regenerative procedures may be needed for the reversal of lost bone and tissue.

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